What is the definition of an argument in critical thinking?

In critical thinking, an argument is fundamentally about the structure and elements that support a conclusion. The correct choice emphasizes that an argument consists of reason(s) that aim to justify or contest a particular point of view. This definition captures the essence of arguments in critical discourse, where reasoning is not just about presenting evidence but also about establishing a logical connection between the reasons provided and the conclusion drawn.

An argument typically involves both premises (the reasons) and a conclusion, where the premises support the conclusion either in favor of or against a specific stance. This makes the definition applicable in evaluating not just the validity of the reasoning but also in understanding different perspectives on an issue. Thus, it highlights the importance of supporting one's viewpoints through logical reasoning, making it a cornerstone in critical thinking practices.

The other definitions do not encompass the full relational aspect that is inherent in arguments. For instance, a reason supporting a conclusion, while part of an argument, does not fully define it, as arguments require a more comprehensive structure involving multiple reasons leading to a conclusion. Similarly, a statement that can be proven true and a subjective statement based on personal belief do not align with the systematic reasoning required to construct an argument in critical thinking.